LXXXIV. Vacuum spectrometer

Lxxxiv. Some Properties of the De- Hydrogenating Enzymes of Bacteria

A simple electron time-of-flight spectrometer for ultrafast vacuum ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy of liquid solutions.

We present a simple electron time of flight spectrometer for time resolved photoelectron spectroscopy of liquid samples using a vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) source produced by high-harmonic generation. The field free spectrometer coupled with the time-preserving monochromator for the VUV at the Artemis facility of the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory achieves an energy resolution of 0.65 eV at 40 eV ...

Ozonation of trifluralin particles: an experimental investigation with a vacuum ultraviolet photoionization aerosol time-of-flight mass spectrometer.

The ozonation of trifluralin coated on azelaic acid particles is investigated with a vacuum ultraviolet photoionization aerosol time-of-flight mass spectrometer. The suspended trifluralin particles with the mean diameter of 270nm react with approximately 100ppm ozone in an aerosol reaction chamber under ambient pressure and room temperature (1atm, 298K). The time-of-flight mass spectra of the t...

Vacuum defects without a vacuum

Topological defects can arise in symmetry breaking models where the scalar field potential V (φ) has no minima and is a monotonically decreasing function of |φ|. The properties of such vacuumless defects are quite different from those of the “usual” strings and monopoles. In some models such defects can serve as seeds for structure formation, or produce an appreciable density of miniblack holes...

Vacuum Energy and Θ–vacuum

The highly non-trivial structure of the θ–vacuum encodes many of the fundamental properties of gauge theories. In particular, the response of the vacuum to the θ–term perturbation is sensitive to the existence of confinement, chiral symmetry breaking, etc. We analyze the dependence of the vacuum energy density on θ around two special values, θ = 0 and θ = π. The existence or not of singular beh...